Peter S. Winokur
IEEE NPSS Richard F. Shea Award
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Peter S. Winokur |
Peter S. Winokur has been awarded the Richard F. Shea Distinguished Member Award.
Peter received his B.S. degree in Physics from the Cooper Union in 1968 and his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Physics from the University of Maryland, in 1971 and 1974, respectively. Peter was appointed in 2006 to serve as a Member of the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board (DNFSB). The Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board is an independent federal agency established by Congress in 1988 whose mandate is to provide safety oversight of the nuclear weapons complex operated by the Department of Energy (DOE). Before that, he was a Senior Policy Analyst at the National Nuclear Security Administration in Washington, D.C, and also served as an IEEE Congressional Fellow in the Office of Senator Harry Reid, Washington, DC. Peter was a recognized leader among congressional staff on renewable-energy tax incentives, and contributed significantly to the national debate on energy issues including electricity, fuels, climate change, oil and gas, coal, etc. Peter also supported a full range of transportation issues including highways, airlines, high-speed rail, marine, and the reauthorization of the Transportation Equity Act, as well as Defense Appropriations.
Peter worked at Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico from 1983–2000 in a variety of positions, the last of which was Manager, Radiation Technology and Assurance Department. Peter was responsible for Sandia’s research and development programs in radiation effects science, technology, and quality assurance for space and military applications. Peter established procedures for safe operation of radiation facilities as part of DOE’s Integrated Safety Management System. He supervised the modification of facilities to allow for safe egress by the public and workers during accident scenarios. Peter’s department interacted strongly with academia, industry, and government customers that included DTRA, DARPA, JPL, NSA, and SEMATECH. Technical activity areas included radiation physics to identify physical mechanisms governing microelectronics device response to ionizing radiation and high-energy cosmic rays; hardness assurance to define new test tools, techniques, procedures, and guidelines to ensure device operation in hostile radiation environments; development of radiation-hardened deep-submicron Si technologies; and teraflop-scale modeling and simulation of semiconductors. Peter developed techniques to separate oxide and interface trap charge effects, and used this to optimize and control the performance and reliability of a 10-Mrad(Si) hardened Si-gate CMOS process for VLSI application. Peter began his career at Harry Diamond Laboratories in 1969; there he discovered the two-stage mechanism of interface-trap buildup, and performed original research on radiation effects on electronics.
Peter has been active in a wide variety of leadership roles in the IEEE NPSS. He has served as President of NPSS, as Chairman of the Radiation Effects technical committee, and is currently chair of the IEEE NPSS Fellow Evaluation Committee. He has been a guest editor of the December IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, and served as Technical Chair of the IEEE Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference. Peter also received the 2005 Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society Merit Award.
Citation: For outstanding contributions to the leadership of the IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society and the IEEE NPSS Radiation Effects Committee.
Daniel M. Fleetwood
IEEE NPSS MERIT AWARD
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Daniel M. Fleetwood |
Dan Fleetwood is a leader in understanding the effects of radiation on semiconductor materials and devices. He has done pioneering work on almost every aspect of MOS radiation response, including identification of physical mechanisms, characterization methods, and applications to device-level analysis. His work on thermally stimulated current (TSC) provided depth and rigor to the analysis of radiation-induced-hole trapping in MOS devices, and provided information on hole and electron trapping in SiO2. Dan also identified the physical properties of border traps and is the originator of the term “border trap.” He developed TSC, noise, and C-V methods to estimate border-trap densities.
Dan has made fundamental contributions to test methods for integrated circuits. He and his collaborators at Sandia and elsewhere in the radiation effects community performed basic research that unified models of the complex time and dose rate dependencies of MOS defect growth and annealing, which provide the technical basis for the present standards for total dose radiation testing in the US (MIL-STD 883, Test Method 1019) and Europe (ESA/SCC BS 22900). Dan developed irradiation and high-temperature anneal sequences that ensure MOS devices that pass short-term radiation tests on the ground will not fail at long times in space. Moreover, he helped lead government and industry standards development processes to ensure the test methods were accurate and easy to use. These methods were the first standards to specifically address the difficult issue of predicting MOS total dose response in space, and now govern acceptance of electronics for all military and space radiation environments.
Dan demonstrated the link between pre-irradiation noise and the amount of radiation-induced hole trapping in MOS gate oxides. This led to the identification of the oxygen vacancy as the dominant defect responsible for the noise, and showed the utility of low-frequency noise as a method to help understand and predict MOS radiation response. This work resolved the longstanding problem of the origin of 1/f noise in MOS devices. He also showed that, if devices are processed with reduced O vacancy densities (e.g., by reducing post-oxidation temperatures, and reducing hydrogen in processing), they show noise approaching the low levels of JFETs. These techniques were applied to develop lower noise analog electronics for accelerator applications.
Dan originated the use of elevated temperature irradiation to help predict the low-dose-rate response of irradiated bipolar devices and made key contributions to understanding the physical processes responsible for the low-dose-rate enhancement. Also, Dan and his team members performed key experiments that identified the conditions under which hydrogen reacts at Si/SiO2 interfaces and explained the results based on first-principles quantum-mechanical calculations.
Dan is a Professor of Electrical Engineering and Chairman of the Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) Department at Vanderbilt University, where he previously served as Associate Dean for Research of the School of Engineering. Prior to arriving at Vanderbilt in 1999, he was a distinguished member of the technical staff at Sandia National Laboratories. In 2000, Dan was named one of the original “250 most highly cited authors” in the field of engineering by the Institute for Scientific Information.
Prepared by Ron Schrimpf, who can be reached at ron.schrimpf@vanderbilt.edu.
Jinyi Qi
IEEE NPSS Early Achievement Award
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Jinyi Qi |
Jinyi Qi has rapidly established himself as one of the leading research scientists in the field of computational imaging. He is particularly well known for his work to develop maximum a posteriori (MAP) 3D reconstruction algorithms for positron emission tomography (PET) that build on a Bayesian framework with accurate modeling of the imaging system and deliver stunning and quantitatively accurate images.
Qi obtained his B.Eng. degree in Electrical Engineering from the prestigious Tsinghua University in Beijing. His early research in the field was conducted at the University of Southern California (USC) where he was a graduate student under the direction of Dr. Richard Leahy, obtaining a M.S. in 1997 and subsequently his Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering in 1998. Jinyi moved to the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) as a Scientist and then on to the University of California at Davis where he currently holds the title of Associate Professor, and Vice-Chair in the Department of Biomedical Engineering.
Qi’s thesis research at USC involved the development of fast fully 3D nonlinear Bayesian reconstruction methods for 3-D PET. Through clever use of symmetries and multithreading techniques he was able to reduce computation times for these problems by orders of magnitude. Furthermore, through incorporating more accurate models of the detection process, he was able to significantly improve resolution in small animal imaging scanners relative to any of the other reconstruction methods in use at that time. Software that implements this approach, much of which was written by Jinyi, is now licensed to and distributed by Siemens and in routine use in small animal imaging laboratories throughout the world. More recently he has continued to develop efficient methods for iterative image reconstruction for application specific breast and prostate imaging systems at LBNL and a combined MRI/PET system at UC Davis.
Coupled with his work on image reconstruction Jinyi has also addressed the related problem of assessing the performance of nonlinear Bayesian image estimators. It is in this area that Jinyi has really made his mark as an independent researcher. Building on related work by Jeff Fessler of the University of Michigan, he developed approximate analytic formulae that can be used to rapidly compute the resolution and variance of Bayesian estimators. His early results included expressions for variance and covariance in 2D and 3D that account for the spatially variant response of the scanner and the effects of missing data in 3D. Since then Jinyi has extended these ideas to develop closed form expressions for the detectability of lesions, under a range of different conditions and with different priors, that have importance in task-based selection of image reconstruction parameters and system optimization for the design of new PET scanners.
Qi has published more than 50 peer-reviewed journal articles, with the majority of his work published in IEEE journals. His articles have already been cited over 1,000 times, and his papers have an average of more than 20 citations each, which is evidence of the influence they have had on the field. Qi also is a major contributor to the profession at large. He is an Associate Editor for IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, and a frequent reviewer for IEEE journals as well as other leading journals in the field, and has served on many NIH study sections.
Jinyi Qi can be reached at Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616. (530) 754-6142. qi@ucdavis.edu.
David M. French
IEEE NPSS Student Scholarship Awards
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David M. French |
David French is a third year graduate student in the Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. His Ph.D. thesis is devoted to the studies of nonlinear transmission lines and high power microwaves, on a National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship. It is under the joint supervision of Professors Y. Y. Lau and Ronald M. Gilgenbach, in close collaboration with scientists at the Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, where he is a regular summer intern on the above topics.
He has worked on many different projects at U of M, including experiments and simulations of the relativistic magnetrons, initiation mechanism of dielectric flashover at the triple point (metal-dielectric-vacuum junction), simulation of current loss in the convolute of the MA, 100 kV linear transformer driver. He designed, constructed, and optimized the imaging system that allowed time-resolved diagnostics of the plasma dynamics in wire Z-pinch experiments. He also conducted experiments to identify the role of conduction current and the displacement current in causing cancer cell death when these cells are subjected to an electric pulse. He has worked on laser ablation, laser spectroscopy and advanced cathodes. He is currently working on the design and construction of a calibration system for the voltage and current diagnostics used on the linear transformer driver, and on the simulations of the early stages of crossed-field devices.
He enjoys giving guided lab tours to high school students, prospective incoming graduate students, and visitors. He effectively conveys the excitement in our discipline and always leaves a deep impression with the visitors. He has not seen an experiment that he doesn’t like.
David French can be reached at dmfrench@umich.edu.
Antonius Indarto
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Antonius Indarto |
Antonius Indarto was born in Malang, Indonesia in 1980. He received the Bachelor of Engineering degree in Chemical Engineering from the Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Indonesia in 2002. He completed the M.S. degrees in Urban Environmental Management from the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Bangkok, Thailand (2005), and Environmental & Process Technology from the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Korea (2006). In 2007, he received the gold award, given by the KIST in recognition of his excellence in plasma research and development.
Indarto’s research is focused on the development of nonthermal plasma application for various chemical processes, both for industrial or environmental purposes. This work has been started in 2003 when he worked with the decomposition of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) and carbon dioxide (CO2) using various non-thermal plasma devices, such as: dielectric barrier discharge and gliding arc. Indarto published this work, noting that gliding arc plasma has some advantages over other nonthermal plasma devices. He has worked continuously to improve the performance of gliding arc plasma as well as to develop the kinetic mechanism of the decomposition reactions.
Parallel to his work on environmental CVOCs and CO2 decomposition, Indarto has also joined in two prestigious projects: (1) the utilization of synthesized gas and (2) production of methanol from direct methane oxidation by using nonthermal plasma as the reaction medium.
In 2008, in order to simplify the complexity of plasma-chemical reaction, he proposed a way to calculate the global kinetic of the plasma reactions by analyzing the reaction behavior of each reactant and product (published in the Journal of Fuel Processing Technology).
Due to the fact that pure plasma process does not have much benefit for the chemical synthesis process, Indarto tried to introduce some solid catalysts to the plasma environment. One of the most impressive works by him is the synthesis of methanol by direct methane-oxidation reaction with the addition of Cu/Zn/Al catalyst. This work has brought him the prestigious young scientist award of the International Association of Catalysis Societies (IACS) in 2008, presented during the 14th International Congress on Catalysis in Seoul, South Korea.
Although he is currently a PhD student, he has served on the editorial boards of three scientific journals: the Open Journal of Plasma Physics, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Journal, and the Open Catalysis Journal, and has been a reviewer for a number of scientific journals in the fields of energy, plasma, heat transfer, and chemical engineering. He has written more than 20 peer-reviewed papers. In the future, after finishing his PhD program, he would like to continue the research on plasma-chemistry as he believes that plasma processes, especially nonthermal plasma, could be utilized as an industrial tool for chemical synthesis although much effort will be required.
Antonius Indarto can be reached in the Dipertimento di Chimica Generale e Chimica Organica, Universita di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, email: indarto_antonius@yahoo.com
Sarita Prasad
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Sarita Prasad |
Sarita Prasad is a Fijian citizen. She earned her Associate’s Degree in Electrical Engineering in March 1999 from Niihama National College of Technology, Ehime, Japan. She then earned her B.S. degree and her M.S. degree in Electrical and Electronic Control Engineering in March 2001 and August 2003, respectively, from Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan. The title of her M.S. Thesis is: Computer Simulations on Virtual Cathode Oscillator. She joined the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of New Mexico (UNM) where she is pursuing her Ph.D. degree under Professor Edl Schamiloglu and is expected to graduate in the Summer of 2009. Her research is focused on the experimental demonstration of the operation of a short pulse magnetron driven by a transparent cathode and the title of her dissertation is: Improvement of the Output Characteristics of Short-Pulse Magnetrons using the Transparent Cathode. To-date she has published two refereed journal publications, 11 reviewed conference papers, 14 conference presentations and one patent. She is a student member of the IEEE. She is a recipient of two prestigious scholarship awards from Japan: the full Japanese Government Scholarship (for a period of 4 years) and the Rotary Club of Japan Scholarship (for a period of 2 years).
 Here is a synopsis of her Ph.D. research. The “transparent cathode” is an innovative cathode developed at UNM for use in relativistic magnetrons [M.I. Fuks† and E. Schamiloglu, “Rapid Start of Oscillations in a Magnetron with a ‘Transparent Cathode’,” Phys. Rev. Lett. vol. 95, 205101-1-4 (2005)]. The design and study of the transparent cathode were performed in an attempt to decrease the start time of oscillations in pulsed relativistic magnetrons which, in general, is very slow, making relativistic magnetrons unattractive for short-pulse applications. They have shown using intensive three-dimensional particle-in-cell computer simulations that not only the start time of microwave oscillations is decreased, but also much higher power and efficiency is obtained using the transparent cathode instead of a traditional solid cathode. Recently, Ms. Prasad performed the first experimental demonstration of the performance of the transparent cathode and successfully verified the simulation results on the short-pulse SINUS-6 accelerator at UNM. The figures above show a photograph of the relativistic magnetron and a transparent cathode (left), and data showing the comparison of the average power obtained from the transparent cathode and the conventional solid cathode (right). The result is very impressive.
Sarita Prasad can be reached at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, MSC01, 1100, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001; E-mail: sarita@ece.unm.edu.
Jacob Zier
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Jacob Zier |
Jacob Zier is in his fourth year as a Ph.D. student in the Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences Department at the University of Michigan. He graduated Summa Cum Laude in 2005 with a Bachelor’s degree from the same department, as well as a Master’s degree in Nuclear Engineering in 2007, and a Master’s degree in Electrical Engineering in 2008. Mr. Zier is the recipient of the National Physical Sciences Consortium Pulsed Power Fellowship supported by Sandia National Laboratories. He has performed summer internships at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 2005 simulating target capsule implosions for the National Ignition Facility, and at Sandia National Laboratories in 2004 simulating shockwave dynamics.
Mr. Zier has worked on several projects at the University of Michigan. He has conducted experiments investigating Z-pinch wire initiation physics and contact resistance using laser backlighting diagnostics, and has designed magnetically insulated transmission line components for low inductance pulsed power experiments. He has performed experiments at Cornell University as a user on the COBRA accelerator facility studying Z-pinch wire plasma ablation dynamics, and has collaborated with Sandia on flash radiography beam characterization experiments. His present research utilizes the first 1 MA Linear Transformer Driver in the USA to explore the magneto-Rayleigh-Taylor instability in high energy density plasmas, and is currently constructing a new sub-nanosecond laser system to diagnose instability growth and stabilization.
He enjoys plasma physics, reading, and keeping physically fit.
Jacob Zier can be reached at jzier@umich.edu.
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