Microwave Theory and Techniques



  "Applications of Neural Networks for RF Design" by Q.J. Zhang and K.C. Gupta, sponsored by the IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society

Neural Networks are information processing systems inspired by the ability of human brain to learn from observations and to generalize by abstraction. It has been used in diverse fields such as pattern recognition, speech processing, control, medical applications and more. In recent years, it has emerged as an attractive vehicle in the RF/microwave CAD community to address the challenges in high-frequency electronic modeling and design. Neural networks can learn and generalize from data allowing model development even when component formulas are unavailable. Neural network models are universal approximators allowing re-use of the same modeling technology for both linear and nonlinear problems and at both device and circuit levels.

This course will include introductions, modeling and optimization for design, neural network structures and training, applications to passive and active component modeling, applications to linear and nonlinear circuit optimization including filter and amplifier examples, and knowledge based approach enhancing existing RF/microwave models through neural networks.

After completing this course you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • The fundamentals of neural networks for modeling and design of high-frequency components and circuits
  • Implementable methodologies and trends and directions in this emerging CAD technology

Qi-jun Zhang received the B.Eng. degree from the East China Engineering Institute, Nanjing, China in 1982, and the Ph.D. Degree in Electrical Engineering from McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada, in 1987. Dr. Zhang is a Fellow of the IEEE. He is on the editorial board of the IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, the International Journal of RF and Microwave CAE, and the International Journal of Numerical Modeling. He is a member of the Technical Committee on CAD (MTT-1) of the IEEE MTT Society, and the Technical Program Committee of the IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium 2002-2006.

Professor K.C. Gupta was a professor at the University of Colorado since 1983, and had most recently held the position of Professor Emeritus.

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Coming 3Q 2009: “Basics of Microwave Filter Design: Filters Basics” by Daniel G. Swanson, sponsored by the IEEE Microwave Theory & Techniques Society

Filters are an integral part of any RF/microwave system. Designing one efficiently and accurately can be a challenge. This course will provide an introduction covering the superheterodyne receiver which is a technique for selectively recovering the information from radio waves of a particular frequency. The ideal brick wall filter and insertion loss and return loss concepts will also be discussed. Additionally, approximation theory and equal ripple functions as well as amplitude and group delay responses will be reviewed.

Lowpass prototypes will be covered in this course including Chebyshev and elliptic prototypes. The course will review the process of finding prototype element values, frequency and impedance scaling, and transformations to highpass, bandpass, and bandsTop.

Finally, unloaded Q and loss will be discussed. In particular, Qu and volume basic concepts will be reviewed. Additionally, Qu for common technologies and estimating midband loss will be discussed.

After completing you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • Superheterodyne receivers
  • Brick wall filters
  • Lowpass prototypes
  • Estimating midband loss

Daniel G. Swanson, Jr. received his BSEE degree from the University of Illinois in 1976 and his MSEE degree from the University of Michigan in 1978. Mr. Swanson is currently a member of the Strategic R&D group at Tyco Electronics (M/A-COM) where he supports filter and antenna design efforts and consults on EM simulation issues in general.

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Coming 3Q 2009: “Basics of Microwave Filter Design: Filters for Advanced Applications” by Daniel G. Swanson, sponsored by the IEEE Microwave Theory & Techniques Society

Filters are an integral part of any RF/microwave system. Designing one efficiently and accurately can be a challenge. This course will discuss TEM Filters. Topics covered will include prototypes with inverters, symmetrical cross-coupled filters, cascade triplets and quads (CT and CQ), and combline filter examples.

Other Microwave Filters will also be discussed such as surface acoustic wave (SAW), Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator (FBAR), High temperature super conductor (HTSC), Dielectric resonator (DR), and microwave active filters.

After completing you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • TEM filters
  • Combline filters
  • Surface Acoustic Wave filters
  • other microwave active filters

Daniel G. Swanson, Jr. received his BSEE degree from the University of Illinois in 1976 and his MSEE degree from the University of Michigan in 1978. Mr. Swanson is currently a member of the Strategic R&D group at Tyco Electronics (M/A-COM) where he supports filter and antenna design efforts and consults on EM simulation issues in general.

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"Basics of RF PA Design" by Steve C. Cripps sponsored by the IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society from the IEEE International Microwave Symposium

RF power amplifiers have received a great deal of attention and development effort over the last decade, mainly due to the challenging requirements of the wireless communications industry. This effort has not only led to some impressive progress in PA performance, it has also led to some revisions and rethinking in traditional PA theory. this course will highlight how these developments will undoubtedly have an impact on PA design in all application areas, including but not restricted to wireless communications.

After completing this course you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • Class AB PA design; to short, or not to short, the harmonics (input as well as output)
  • Loadpull techniques and RF waveform measurement
  • Optimization of device characteristics for linearity and efficiency (serendipity still rules)
  • What the new technologies (HBTs, high bandgap, LDMOS) bring to the PA party, and what they don’t
  • Classes D, E, F: still solutions without a problem?
  • The skeletons in the PA closet: stability, bias supply. modulation, memory effects and “presdistortability.”
  • Efficiency enhancement: How Polar Loop and envelope tracking techniques are gaining ground over the traditional solutions of Kahn, Doherty and Chireix.

Dr. Steve C. Cripps obtained his Ph.D. and master’s degrees from Cambridge Universtity, England. Since starting work at Plessey Research Labs in 1974, he has been involved in most aspects of Gallium Arsenide technology and circuit applications. From 1981 he worked in the USA, holding technical and management positions at Watkins Johnson and Loral, and Celeritek. He became an independent consultant in 1990 and returned to England in 1996. His current technical activities are focused on the characterization of memory effects in RF power amplifiers, and the development of advanced loadpull techniques.

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“Design of Electrically Small Antennas” by Steven Best, sponsored by the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society

As today’s ubiquitous wireless devices decrease in size, there is an increasing demand for physically smaller antennas, yet the performance requirements are rarely relaxed. Optimizing the performance properties of electrically small antennas represents a significant design challenge for the antenna engineer. This course provides a discussion on the fundamental theory, challenges and performance trade-offs associated with the design of electrically small antennas.  The course begins with a brief overview of the basic theory and concepts associated with electrically small antennas.  This segment of the presentation provides an understanding of antenna performance limitations in terms of impedance, radiation patterns, bandwidth, efficiency, and quality factor.  Techniques used to design self-resonant electrically small antennas are described and compared.  These include dielectric loading, linear loading (increasing wire length), Top-loading, and “folded” configurations.  The relationship between the antenna’s performance characteristics and its physical properties is discussed.  Issues such as the significance of antenna geometry are considered.  The performance of the small antenna on small finite ground planes is considered with a particular emphasis on how the antenna’s location on the ground plane affects impedance, pattern and polarization properties.  The course concludes with a discussion on recent advances made in the design of low profile, conformal and integrated device antennas.

After completing you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • the fundamental theory, challenges and performance trade-offs associated with the design of electrically small antennas

Steven R. Best received the B.Sc.Eng and the Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from the University of New Brunswick, Canada in 1983 and 1988, respectively.  He has over 20 years of experience in business management and antenna design engineering in both military and commercial markets.  He is currently a Principal Sensor Systems Engineer with the MITRE Corporation in Bedford, MA where he is involved in supporting a number of government programs.  Dr. Best is an Adjunct Professor at Northeastern University, Tuft’s University and UMass-Lowell.  He is the author or co-author of over 100 papers in various journal, conference and industry publications.  He was the 2004 and 2005 recipient of the AFRL Sensors Directorate Chief Scientist Award.  He was formerly a Distinguished Lecturer for the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society and an Associate Editor for the IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.  Dr. Best is a frequent reviewer for several IEE and IEEE journals.  He is an Associate Editor of the IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, a member of the IEEE APS AdCom and Junior Past Chair of the IEEE Boston Section.

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“Design of Phase Locked Loops” by Lama Dayaratna, sponsored by the IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society

The objective of this course is to provide a state of the art review of phase locked loop circuits and applications from a design and development perspective. Intended for RF and Microwave Engineers, the course details out the design and development of phase locked loop circuits. Topics include PLL basics, VCOs, phase detectors, open and close loop characterization, loop filter design, and phase noise concepts. Examples will be given to a variety of problems relevant to the design of phase locked loops.

After completing you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • Phase Locked loop Design
  • Phase Locked Loop Components
  • Review of Feedback Principles
  • Loop Filter Design
  • Type 1 Second Order loops
  • Type 2 Second Order loops
  • Type 2 Third Order loops

Dr. Dayaratna holds a Ph.D. and has over 20-years of extensive experience in the theory and design of phase locked loop circuits with emphasis on low noise frequency synthesis techniques. Analyzed, designed, developed, and engineered Frequency Generation Architectures for communications payloads. Conceptualized, designed, built and led the first frequency generation architecture for LMCSS’ first mobile payload, which served as the cornerstone of LMCSS’s all subsequent Frequency Generation Units.  As a Principal Engineer in the RF/Microwave Products area, Dr. Dayaratna is responsible for the design, development of RF/Microwave payload components such as receivers, transmitters, modulators, demodulators, synthesizers, and frequency generation equipment for all commercial satellite programs. Dr. Dayaratna also has over five years of teaching experience at graduate and undergraduate level.

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"Dynamically Adaptive Power Supply Circuits for Radio-Frequency (RF) Power Amplifier (PA) Applications" by Gabriel A. Rincón-Mora, sponsored by the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society, the IEEE Microwave Theory & Techniques Society, and the IEEE Solid State Circuits Society

The role of Radio-Frequency (RF) Power Amplifiers (PAs) in today's and tomorrow's consumer and state-of-the-art electronics is crucial, catering to the stringent performance (i.e., linearity and output power) and real-estate (i.e., size) requirements of portable systems and the power limitations of battery-powered applications. Key to the success of any portable device is battery life (or runtime), and PAs can be a significant and detrimental load in this regard, especially because they capture a significant portion of the total power budget and they characteristically have poor power efficiencies. This course will address the advent of dynamically adaptive biasing schemes in PA applications to increase power efficiencies, which is generally done by essentially transforming and redefining the operating environment of the PA for maximum performance at optimum power levels, and consequently prolonging battery life.

After completing this course you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • Dynamically adaptive biasing schemes in PA applications

Dr. Rincón-Mora received his B.S.E.E. from Florida International University (High Honors) in 1992 and M.S.E.E. and Ph.D. from Georgia Tech (Outstanding Ph.D. Graduate) in 1994 and 1996, respectively.

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Coming 2Q 2009: “Highly Integrated, Re-Configurable RF Receiver Front-Ends in Deep Sub-Micron CMOS” by Naveen Yanduru, sponsored by the IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society

Various RF bands, standards, modulation schemes, duplex mechanisms and signal bandwidths needed for the mobile terminal call for a highly adaptable and reconfigurable RF receiver. The biggest bottleneck in achieving this goal lies with the RF pre-select filter at the antenna, which is band specific and creates a bottleneck in being able to share the hardware. Solving this “multi-band” programmability is the biggest challenge in achieving a RF Receiver for software defined radio. A few of the possible architectures and their limitations are presented. However, designing a “multi-mode” RF receiver for a given RF band with highly reconfigurable performance is an achievable goal. A WCDMA/EDGE receiver without inter-stage SAW filter in 90nm digital CMOS is used as an example in illustrating the architecture, circuit and system considerations for such a receiver.

After completing you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • the bottleneck of external RF preselect and inter-stage filters for multi-band receiver.
  • Design directions for integrated multi-band receiver front end.
  • RF system aspects: Performance bottlenecks and significance of AM blockers.
  • A WCDMA, GSM/EDGE RF receiver front-end without inter-stage SAW filter in 90nm CMOS.
  • A GPS receiver front-end in 90nm CMOS for cellular applications with integrated LNA and no inter-stage SAW filter.
  • High dynamic range deep sub micron CMOS RF front-end with reduced RF signal processing.

Naveen Yanduru serves as RF System and IC design manager and Member of Technical Staff in the Radio Design Organization at Texas Instruments, Inc.  While at TI he has led several RF receiver design teams and projects for various cellular standards including GSM, W-CDMA, TDSCDMA, PDC and GPS.  His research interests include multi-mode, multi-band receiver front-ends in deep submicron CMOS, quantifying the effect of AM blockers on RF receiver performance and design of on-chip RF filters.  He has more than 10 years of experience in RF IC design, published over 16 papers in professional journals and international conferences. He is a Distinguished Lecturer of IEEE-CAS for the term 2007-2008.

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“IEEE 802.11N MAC Layer” by Robert Stacey, sponsored by the IEEE Educational Activities Board

The IEEE802.11n standard will enable a new class of consumer and enterprise products utilizing wireless LAN connectivity that is ten times faster than is feasible with the current IEEE802.11a/b/g standards.  This course will provide a comprehensive overview of the Media Access Control (MAC) Layer defined in the p802.11n draft standard. The 802.11n MAC tutorial is a companion to the 802.11n PHY course although familiarity with the PHY course is not required for this course.

The course begins with an overview of the applications, environments, channel models, use cases, and usage models developed by the study group and task group which provided the framework for proposal development.  We continue with a history of the various coalitions that ultimately led to the final joint proposal adopted as the draft standard. This part of the tutorial contains similar information to the PHY tutorial and is repeated in a truncated form for the benefit of participants who may not view the PHY course.

The technical portion of the course begins with an overview of why changes are needed in the MAC to achieve high throughput. The course then covers the major features that improve MAC efficiency, including aggregation and the various modifications made to the block acknowledgement protocol.

The 802.11n amendment introduces 40MHz operation; new frame formats and reduced interframe spacing among other things. The course goes on to describe the features that support coexistance and interoperability with legacy devices as well as among the various capability classes of 802.11n devices.

Finally the course covers some of the more advanced features added to the standard, including the reverse direction protocol, fast link adaptation and transmit beamforming.

After completing you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • the applications, environments, channel models, use cases, and usage models developed by the study group and task group which provided the framework for proposal development
  • the history of the various coalitions that ultimately led to the final joint proposal adopted as the draft standard
  • why changes are needed in the MAC to achieve high throughput
  • the major features that improve MAC efficiency, including aggregation and the various modifications made to the block acknowledgement protocol
  • advanced features added to the standard, including the reverse direction protocol, fast link adaptation and transmit beamforming

Robert Stacey manages Intel Corporation's Wireless MAC Advanced Development team. He was a member of the 802.11 high throughput task group and a key contributor to the various proposals culminating in the final joint proposal submission that became the basis for the 802.11n draft standard. Robert has numerous patents filed in the field of wireless communications. Robert has a MSc in Electrical Engineering from the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa.

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“IEEE 802.11N Physical Layer” by Eldad Perahia, sponsored by the IEEE Communications Society

The IEEE802.11n standard will enable a new class of consumer and enterprise products utilizing wireless LAN connectivity that is ten times faster than is feasible with the current IEEE802.11a/b/g standards.  This tutorial will provide a comprehensive overview of the Physical Layer (PHY) technology in the p802.11n draft standard. The course will begin with an overview of the applications, environments, channel models, use cases, and usage models developed by the study group and task group which provided the framework for proposal development.  We continue with a history of the various coalitions that ultimately led to the final joint proposal adopted as the draft standard. The technical description of the draft standard starts with a detailed discussion of the key throughput enhancing features: multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) / space division multiplexing (SDM) in the PHY.  Further throughput enhancements in the PHY include 40 MHz channelization, reduced guard interval, tone filling, high rate coding, and efficient (greenfield) preambles. Additional Topics include PHY interoperability techniques such as the mixed mode preamble, legacy spoofing, and auto-preamble detection. An overview will be provided of the robustness enhancements in the PHY.  The PHY techniques include spatial spreading, receive diversity, transmit beamforming, space-time block code (STBC), and low density parity check (LDPC) codes.

After completing you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • the applications, environments, channel models, use cases, and usage models developed by the study group and task group which provided the framework for proposal development
  • history of the various coalitions that ultimately led to the final joint proposal adopted as the draft standard
  • the technical description of the draft standard starts with a detailed discussion of the key throughput enhancing features
  • PHY interoperability techniques such as the mixed mode preamble, legacy spoofing, and auto-preamble detection

Dr. Eldad Perahia is a member of the Wireless Standards and Technology group at Intel Corporation.  He is the chair of the IEEE 802.11 Very High Throughput Study Group and the IEEE 802.11 liaison to IEEE 802.19.  Eldad has been actively involved in the IEEE 802.11n task group since its inception and is chair of the Coexistence Ad Hoc Committee.  Prior to Intel, Eldad was the 802.11n lead for Cisco Systems.  He has fourteen patents, and numerous papers and patent filings in various areas of wireless including satellite communications, cellular, WLAN, millimeter wave technology, and radar.  Eldad has a Ph.D. from the University of California, Los Angeles in electrical engineering specializing in digital radio and is a Senior Member of IEEE.

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"Introduction to IEEE 802" by Todor Cooklev sponsored by IEEE Educational Activities and IEEE Standards

Introduction to IEEE 802 will examine the driving forces for the development of communications technology. Government regulations will also be discussed as well as standardization bodies. The course will also review the design of standards for wireless communications.

After completing this course you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • Unlicensed bands available in the U.S. below 11 GHz and the rules for their use
  • Which types of standards are there?
  • The frames exchanged among layers in a layered architecture
  • What groups in the IEEE 802 committee are working on wireless standards
  • Multiple-access methods that are available (in general)
  • The design goals in a wireless standard

Todor Cooklev has been with San Francisco State University since August 2002 as an Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering. Prior to joining SFSU he spent several years working in industry, working at Aware of Bedford, MA. At Aware he worked on DSL technology at the International Telecommunications Union, Study Group 15. He also worked on wireless communications technology as a voting member of IEEE 802.15 and 802.11 Working Groups. He was one of the founders of 802.15.3, devoted to high-rate wireless personal area networking. He has made significant contributions to Bluetooth, 802.15.1, 802.15.2, 802.15.3, and 802.11, influencing the development of the wireless communications industry.

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"Introduction to IEEE 802.11" by Todor Cooklev sponsored by IEEE Educational Activities and IEEE Standards

Introduction to IEEE 802.11 will provide an introduction covering both network and standard architectures. The course will also review access mechanisms and QoS – 802.11e. Physical layers and current trends in wireless local area networking (802.11p, mesh) will also be discussed.

After completing this course you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • Network architectures supported by 802.11
  • Security threats to any network
  • What authentication methods have been defined by 802.11
  • The carrier-sense multiple access (CSMA) procedure, as used by 802.11.
  • The definition of a hidden station and how the access procedure of 802.11 deals with hidden stations
  • How 802.11e aimed to provide Quality of Service
  • The frequency bands in which the 802.11b physical layer works
  • How 6 Mb/s and 54 Mb/s can be achieved by 802.11a
  • How 802.11n achieves a data rate of 600 Mb/s
  • New areas where 802.11 are going to be used

Todor Cooklev has been with San Francisco State University since August 2002 as an Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering. Prior to joining SFSU he spent several years working in industry, working at Aware of Bedford, MA. At Aware he worked on DSL technology at the International Telecommunications Union, Study Group 15. He also worked on wireless communications technology as a voting member of IEEE 802.15 and 802.11 Working Groups. He was one of the founders of 802.15.3, devoted to high-rate wireless personal area networking. He has made significant contributions to Bluetooth, 802.15.1, 802.15.2, 802.15.3, and 802.11, influencing the development of the wireless communications industry.

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"Introduction to IEEE 802.15" by Todor Cooklev sponsored by IEEE Educational Activities and IEEE Standards

Introduction to IEEE 802.15 will provide an overview of WPAN. The course will delve into 802.15.1 (Bluetooth); 802.15.2 coexistence between Bluetooth (802.15.1) and 802.11b; and 802.15.3 – high-rate WPAN; 802.15.4 – low-rate WPAN.

After completing this course you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • The multiple-access procedure in Bluetooth.
  • The types of baseband links that are available in Bluetooth and their major characteristics
  • The definition of interoperability, coexistence, and interworking and What types of coexistence mechanisms are available
  • The characteristics of the physical layer used in Bluetooth
  • The medium access procedure in 802.15.3
  • The physical layer of 802.15.3.
  • What is considered a UWB signal
  • Mechanisms that are used in the medium access procedure in 802.15.4 and an explanation about why 802.15.4 is power-efficient
  • What are 802.15.4a and 802.15.4b?

Todor Cooklev has been with San Francisco State University since August 2002 as an Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering. Prior to joining SFSU he spent several years working in industry, working at Aware of Bedford, MA. At Aware he worked on DSL technology at the International Telecommunications Union, Study Group 15. He also worked on wireless communications technology as a voting member of IEEE 802.15 and 802.11 Working Groups. He was one of the founders of 802.15.3, devoted to high-rate wireless personal area networking. He has made significant contributions to Bluetooth, 802.15.1, 802.15.2, 802.15.3, and 802.11, influencing the development of the wireless communications industry.

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"Introduction to IEEE 802.16" by Todor Cooklev sponsored by IEEE Educational Activities and IEEE Standards

Introduction to IEEE 802.16 will discuss network architectures for Broadband Wireless Access (BWA). 802.16 MAC mechanisms and physical layers will also be reviewed. The course will also discuss enhancements for mobile BWA (802.16e).

After completing this course you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • The network architecture of 802.16 networks
  • What the MAC procedure is in 802.16
  • Duplexing mechanisms supported by 802.16 and a description of their advantages and disadvantages
  • The parameter of QoS
  • The security mechanism used by 802.16.
  • What physical layers are supported by 802.16
  • 802.16e and the main differences between 802.16e and 802.16

Todor Cooklev has been with San Francisco State University since August 2002 as an Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering. Prior to joining SFSU he spent several years working in industry, working at Aware of Bedford, MA. At Aware he worked on DSL technology at the International Telecommunications Union, Study Group 15. He also worked on wireless communications technology as a voting member of IEEE 802.15 and 802.11 Working Groups. He was one of the founders of 802.15.3, devoted to high-rate wireless personal area networking. He has made significant contributions to Bluetooth, 802.15.1, 802.15.2, 802.15.3, and 802.11, influencing the development of the wireless communications industry.

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Coming 3Q 2009: “Multigigabit Wireless: CMOS & FR-4 at 60 GHz” by Joy Laskar sponsored by the IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society

This course will present an overview of mmW Digital CMOS Radio technology building blocks and system applications.

After completing you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • Applications of mmW Digital CMOS Radio technology
  • Potential system applications

Dr. Joy Laskar received the B.S. degree (Computer Engineering with Math/Physics Minors, summa cum laude) from Clemson University in 1985. He received the M.S. and the Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1989 and 1991 respectively.  Prior to joining Georgia Tech in 1995, Dr. Laskar was a visiting professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and an assistant professor at the University of Hawaii at Manoa.

At Georgia Tech he holds the Schlumberger Chair in Microelectronics in the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering.  He is also Founder and Director of the Georgia Electronic Design Center, and he heads a research group of 50 members (graduate students, research staff and administration) with a focus on integration of high-frequency mixed-signal electronics for next-generation wireless and wire line systems.  Between 1995 through fall 2007 Professor Laskar has graduated 34 Ph.D. students.  He has authored or co-authored more than 480 papers, several book chapters and three books (with another book in development). He gave numerous invited talks and has more than 40 patents issued or pending.

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Coming 3Q 2009: “Performance Requirements and Verification of the IEEE 802 Wireless Technologies” by Fanny Mlinarsky, sponsored by the IEEE Educational Activities Board

The 802.11 market has seen spectacular growth over the past few years, and this growth is continuing at unprecedented rates. 802.11 technology has had a profound impact on the way consumers work, and on their leisure activities. Growing from cottage industry to a mainstream market across multiple segments, 802.11 products have become increasingly sophisticated; moving beyond traditional internet connectivity to include phones, cameras, gaming systems and even televisions.

As 802.11 technology has advanced and the industry has matured, the testing methodologies continue to advance as well. Early testing methodologies primarily focused on whether or not two products could exchange data and seamlessly interoperate. In response to both the wireless industry’s need to perform advanced product testing and consumer demand for high quality 802.11 devices, a new testing specification, IEEE 802.11.2, is being developed by the 802.11 Task Group T.  802.11.2 incorporates test methods and metrics for roaming, voice and video quality, power consumption, throughput performance and other important parameters.

These advances in test methodology are required to improve the quality of 802.11 solutions and enable reduction in design cycles. Voice applications, for example, have pushed the 802.11 industry to specify several new protocols including 802.11r fast roaming, 802.11e quality of Service (QoS) and power-save. New applications that carry both voice and video over 802.11 have stringent performance requirements that can only be guaranteed by thorough and methodical testing.

This course will provide an in-depth look at the performance requirements of the demanding voice and video applications. We will examine how these applications perform today and will look at the improvements offered by the emerging 802.11n standard. We will discuss performance, security and power conservation issues in the context of mesh network architecture being introduced by the emerging 802.11s specification.

Finally, we will examine the test methods and metrics currently in the 802.11.2 recommended practices document and will discuss performance verification methodology appropriate for a variety of networks and applications.

After completing you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • the performance requirements of the demanding voice and video applications
  • how these applications perform today and the improvements offered by the emerging 802.11n standard
  • performance, security and power conservation issues in the context of mesh network architecture being introduced by the emerging 802.11s specification
  • test methods and metrics currently in the 802.11.2 recommended practices document
  • performance verification methodology appropriate for a variety of networks and applications

Fanny Mlinarsky is President at octoScope (www.octoscope.com), a Boston area consulting firm working with technology companies on RF and wireless product and system architecture, performance analysis and test. In 2001 she founded Azimuth Systems, the leading provider of 802.11 test equipment, and served as the company's CTO for five years. She spent over 24 years in senior R&D positions developing datacom and network test products with companies including Hewlett Packard, Agilent, Teradyne and Concord Communications. Fanny is active in the development of industry standards and is the founder of IEEE 802.11 Task Group T defining test metrics and methods. Fanny holds BS/EE and BA/CS from Columbia University and has been awarded 4 patents.

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Coming 2Q 2009: “Principles and Applications of RFID” by You Chung Chung, sponsored by the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society

This course will begin by reviewing auto ID comparison with bar Code and the origin of RFID. RFID System, elements, Tag Types, and Operation will also be examined. The course will also present RFID characteristics and will show how RFID systems are classified. A brief overview of Frequency Band (ISO) & Communication Methods will also be presented. A review of applications will also be discussed.

After completing you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • the origin of RFID
  • RFID characteristics
  • potential applications 

You Chung Chung is Assistant Professor Dept. of Information and Communication Engineering in Daegu University, Korea since Sep. 2004.  He is a senior member of IEEE.

He was a research assistant professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at University of Utah and Utah State University for 4 years. He received the MSEE & Ph.D. degrees from University of Nevada, Reno (UNR) in 1994 and 1999. His research interests include computational electromagnetics, optimized antenna and array design, conformal and fractal antennas, smart wireless sensors, aging aircraft wire detection sensors, optimization techniques, EM design automation tool development, RFID and genetic algorithm. In 1996, he received an Outstanding Teaching Assistant Award from UNR.  He also received an Outstanding Graduate Student Award in 1999. In 2000, he received the 3rd student paper award from URSI International Student Paper Competition.

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Coming 3Q 2009: “Recent Advances in LDMOS Technology” by Wayne Burger, sponsored by the IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society

This course begins by providing a review of recent advances in RF-LDMOS device technology (i.e. high power plastic packaging, higher efficiency, higher frequency capability, high power RFICs, 50V RF-LDMOS, etc.).  Next, the course will provide a comparison of various figures of merit of 28V and 50V RF-LDMOS with GaN, an emerging RF power technology that is attractive from several perspectives as an RF power device technology.

After completing you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • recent advances in RF-LDMOS device technology
  • a comparison of various figures of merit of 28V and 50V RF-LDMOS with GaN

Wayne Burger graduated from MIT with a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering in 1987, with his thesis work focusing on the deposition and characterization of low temperature silicon epitaxial films.  After working on BiCMOS SRAM's at National Semiconductor for two years, he joined Motorola's Semiconductor Product Sector (which later became Freescale Semiconductor) in 1990.  Early projects at Motorola include 0.60um CMOS and 0.35um BiCMOS development.  Dr. Burger has been manager of the RF-LDMOS Device Development team at Freescale Semiconductor since 1994. 

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"RF Filters in Next Generation Cellular Radio Systems" by Walid Ali-Ahmad, sponsored by the IEEE Microwave Theory & Techniques Society

This course provides an overview of the different requirements for RF filters in next generation multi-band multi-standard radio platforms. It also presents the required RF filter characteristics in relation to 3G radio performance parameters and system requirements.

After completing this course you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • Evolution to 3G Cellular Systems
  • Multi-band Multi-Standard Radio
  • The Ubiquitous Super-Heterodyne Radio
  • RF Filters in Direct-Conversion radio Architectures
  • Relating Radio Performance Parameters to RF Filters Characteristics
  • Requirements for RF Filters in Next Generation Cellular Radio Systems

Walid Y Ali-Ahmad is a Principal Member of Technical Staff at Maxim Integrated Products in the wireless communications division.

IEEE Member Individual Purchase ($69.95--30 day access)
Institutional Library Subscription Trial (NOTE: Select "IEEE Expert Now" in 'Product you wish to trial' field)

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"RF Power Amplifier Linearization" by Dr. Máirtín O'Droma sponsored by the IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society

This course reviews key RF transmitter power amplifier linearization issues. The underlying power amplifier nonlinearity problem, that of the competing requirements of power amplifier efficiency and linear signal transmission paths for bandwidth efficient, modulation-complex signals, is presented, together with the linearization solution. Modern linearization schemes and where linearization research, and technology, is headed is addressed.

After completing this course you should be able to develop an understanding of:

  • Classical and new approaches to circuit and system predistortion and feedback linearization concepts and techniques
  • Contextual issues such as adaptivity, robustness, and stability

Máirtín S. O’Droma, B.E., Ph.D, C.Eng., FIEE, IEEE (SM), M.I.E.I., received his bachelor’s and doctoral degrees from the National University of Ireland in 1973 and 1978 respectively. He is a Senior Lecturer and Director of the Telecommunications Research Centre at the University of Limerick, Ireland.

IEEE Member Individual Purchase ($69.95--30 day access)
Institutional Library Subscription Trial (NOTE: Select "IEEE Expert Now" in 'Product you wish to trial' field)

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