Glossary

Copyright is a nearly exclusive right of an author to control the distribution and reproduction of his/her original works (see "Fair Use" below).

Copyright exists the moment a work is first fixed in some tangible, perceptible form.

Copyright protects the expression of an idea, NOT the idea itself.

• The CCC does not make photocopies.
• It conveys limited rights to photocopy-users to make and distribute their own copies.
• The CCC's address is 222 Rosewood Dr., Danvers, MA 01923 USA.

The CCC code is constructed as follows:

ISSN or Product Code/volume year/$CCC fee

0741-3106/99/$17.00 

See http://www.ieee.org/copyright for the most recent version of the form.

Crown copyright is used only when an author is (or ALL authors are) employed by a Crown government (i.e., British or Canadian). If a paper falls into the Crown copyright category, then the IEEE copyright line is deleted and the following wording is used instead:

©20xx Canadian [or British] Crown Copyright

Fair Use refers to a set of ideas or concepts intended to limit (under specific circumstances) the near-exclusive rights of the copyright owner. However, because Fair Use is a doctrine and not a fixed body of laws, no generally applicable definition is available.

Broadly, infringement occurs when a work is reused without the author's/owner's permission, regardless of the fact that the reused work includes full attribution to the original author.

Plagiarism is the act of using someone else's work in such a way as to make it appear as one's own. 

• The IEEE Reprints Department sells reprints of IEEE material.
   
• Many people are interested in making their own reprints or copies.
   
• All requests for permission to reprint or otherwise reuse IEEE material should be forwarded to the IEEE Intellectual Property Rights Office for response.